In Router on a stick method, both switch and router are needed but while using layer 3 switch, a single switch will perform inter-vlan routing as well as the layer 2 functions (Vlan), therefore this method is cost effective and also less configuration is needed. This is what will come next in our Free CCNA Course. Among them, we can see our SVIs, with the IP address and layer 1 and 2 status. If PC A in VLAN 20, wanted to send a message to PC B in VLAN 30, the steps it would take are shown below. R1 will need access to both VLANs so we’ll create a 802.1Q trunk between SW1 and R1. As a result, they are much faster than routers for that, because they have dedicated hardware for that. Cisco DHCP Snooping Configuration – What is DHCP Snooping? By default all interfaces on a switch are switchports (layer 2) but we can change them to routed ports (layer 3). 1 WAP Therefore, if a switch has 10 VLANs, the router should have the same number of LAN interfaces. NOTE: in the CCNA exams, understanding inter-VLAN routing is very important, the focus is mainly on router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing, however, you should not ignore the traditional inter-VLAN routing. In the subinterface mode, we can link the VLAN ID to this interface as well as assign it an ip address and a subnet mask. The hosts connected to each VLAN would use the SVI on the layer-3 switch for it VLAN as the gateway. The interfaces on the router are configured as the default gateways for the VLANs configured on the switch. The hosts connected to each VLAN would use the SVI on the layer-3 switch for it VLAN as the gateway. The default gateway on the PC’s will be used as the interface address as shown below. One for each VLAN. With this configuration, we should be able to communicate between the different VLANs. What's the current state of LaTeX3 (2020)? We can easily configure it with the ip address command. We need to explore the key differences between Multilayer Switches and Routers. When the router receives the frame, it compares the destination IP address by referring to its routing table so as to know to which interface it should send the data towards the destination node. Most of the errors that you may encounter when dealing with inter-VLAN routing are misconfiguration errors in the subinterfaces. The router accepts traffic that is tagged from the VLANs on the switch through the trunk link. It is a layer 2 solution. This IP address can be used for computers as their default gateway. HSRP, to create a virtual gateway that the PCs use as their gateway, and the real routers will decide which is the active gateway, but will automatically fail over in the event of a router failure. C. Configure the IP address of Host A as 10.1.2.2. Now if I want I can exclude an interface from the SVI state. B. configure the subinterface number exactly the same as the matching VLAN, D. configure an ip route to the vlan destination network. To overcome this, Cisco developed a better alternative: the Multilayer Switch. Instead of having a switch and a RoaS router, we use a single device: a multilayer switch. It is no problem, should look like this. In this lesson we are going to take a look at routing between VLANs. I can configure something called a SVI (Switch Virtual Interface) for each VLAN and put an IP address on it. We will learn how it works, consider the various methods that can be used to implement it, configure inter-VLAN routing using router-on-a-stick and traditional inter-VLAN routing, compare the two styles of implementation and finally verify and troubleshoot inter-VLAN routing. This means it won’t influence the state of the SVI interface anymore. It has been modified by adding additional VLANs so as to show the effectiveness of using router-on-a-stick as opposed to traditional inter-VLAN routing. Vlan20 - Children This will activate the interface and allow for inter-VLAN routing. This method allows you to configure Inter VLAN Routing in the switch itself. This inter-VLAN communication can be restricted through the use of optional access control lists or ACLs (described later in this article). Substitute multiline pattern with a letter. When the router receives the packet, it examines the packet’s destination IP address and forwards it to the correct network using the access port for the destination VLAN. In the second type of inter-VLAN routing which is Router-on-a-stick, the router is connected to the switch using a single interface. At this point, we are almost halfway to the CCNA certification! In this section, we will configure inter-VLAN routing using router-on-a-stick and using the topology shown below. We could use an external router but it’s also possible to use a multilayer switch (aka layer 3 switches). This will allow traffic from all VLANs to get to the router using that interface. It uses multiple subinterfaces of a single interface to encapsulate traffic for different VLANs on the same subnet. In many enterprises, you will find that information sharing across departments is a requirement, therefore, the question begs, how do you make users in the SALES and FINANCE department communicate, yet they are on different VLANS? In our example, the command needed to link VLAN 10 to this subinterface is shown below: In this mode, we can also assign the subinterface with the ip address and subnet mask which will be used for VLAN 10. This confirms that the router knows of the two VLANs and therefore traffic can flow between them. Any layer 2 switch will do. These are described below: VLAN access list - This is just an access list but it filters based on VLAN rather than IP. Work the same, just need a Cisco Layer 3 switch. Fortinet 200D: how to implement VLAN, inter-VLAN routing, and DHCP relay? We can add one more link interconnecting switches, make both of its end-points routed ports. For the most part of this course, we have been primarily focused on LAN technologies, many enterprises span over large geographical distances. You’ll see that the status says up/up so that’s good. In our scenario, the commands needed to configure inter-VLAN routing using router-on-a-stick are shown below. This means that any traffic from VLAN 10 to VLAN 20 for example will go to the router, be routed from the Fe0/0.10 interface to the Fe0/0.20 interface, be sent back to the switch and to the appropriate device on VLAN 20.
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